Task Analysis of Laparoscopic and Robotic Procedures

Task Analysis for Uterosacral Ligament Vault Suspension after Hysterectomy
General Surgery / Apr 29th, 2018 4:40 am     A+ | a-

Dr. Adrián Castro M.  

PRE-OPRATIVE PREPARATION

1. Patient clerkship and physical examination.
2. Informed consent from patient.
3. Check if any extra medical considerations regarding patient’s anamnesis are required
4. Surgical safety checklist 
 
INTRAOPERATIVELY

1.  Prophylactic antibiotics on induction
2. General anaesthesia
3. Patient in Trendelenburg position
4. Abdominal shaving
5.  Speculum exam
6. Physical examination if not performed earlier
7. Monitors in position 15 to surgeon’s eye axis surgeon on left assistant on the right
8. Second assistant between the legs,
9. Ensure all cables in order
 
PNEUMOPERITONEUM
  1. Entry technique as preferred by surgeon and clinical history of patient
  2.  Ports placement: laparoscope is ideally at umbilicus, accessory ports are placed at least 7.5 cm from central trocar lateral to umbilicus. Trocar size 5 mm
  3. Eye instrument axis must be maintained. the target is the vaginal vault
 
TASK ANALYSIS
  1. General endotracheal anesthesia has already been induced.
  2. Abdomen has already been insufflated with CO2 (see previous section)
  3. Careful pelvic and upper and lower abdomen exam is performed
  4. Patient should be placed in Trendelenburg position
  5. Bowel is swept out of the pelvis if needed
  6. Using a rectal sizer placed in the vaginal vault, the vault is inverted
  7. Peritoneal lining should be identified overlying the pubocervical and rectovaginal fascias
  8. Uterosacral ligaments should be indentified as well as their topographic relation to the urethers (the latter run anterolateral to the ligaments) in order to avoid lesions at this level)
  9. Follow the uterosacral ligaments as they enter the sacrum
  10. Tag with suture the unbroken uterosacral ligament bilaterally
  11. Open the peritoneum overlying the pubocervical and rectovaginal fasciae
  12. By sharp dissection, identify ventrally the pubocervical fascia that lies between the vagina and the bladder
  13. Identify posteriorly the rectovaginal fascia
  14. Excise redundant peritoneum and excess vagina as needed
  15. Take stitches at the corners on each side in a way they will approximate the edges of the pubocervical to the rectovaginal fascia overlying the vaginal mucosa
  16. The corner stitch on each side is then incorporated into the ipsilateral uterosacral ligament which had been already tagged
  17. The now reapproximated fasciae along with the vaginal apex are now incorporated to the uterosacral ligaments as the enter the sacrum on both sides
  18. The pubocervical and rectovaginal fascia are hence sutured to the unbroken uterosacral ligaments
  19. The pubocervical fascia is approximated to the rectovaginal fascia acrros the center of the vaginal vault with interrupted sutures
  20. Reinforcing sutures from the uterosacral ligaments to the posterior rectovaginal fascia are then placed bilaterally, taken into the account not to cross the midline but rather reinforce the attachment of the corner of the vaginal vault to the ipsilateral uterosacral complex
  21. Cystoscopy should be ideally performed to rule out kinking of the urethers during the suspension of the uterosacral ligaments to the vaginal vault
  22. Hemostasia is confirmed
  23. Ports are withdrawn under direct visualization, optical port is withdrawn and closed
  24. Deinsufflation of abdomen is done
  25. Skin incisions are sutured
5 COMMENTS
Dr. Sunita Rani
#1
May 23rd, 2020 9:57 am
You're so Awesome sir .. so clear so easy .. you have a great quality of teaching sir. Dr. Mishra is so sweet that I prefer to watch his videos of Laparoscopy surgery's much more than watching any other lectures. Thanks for posting this Task Analysis for Uterosacral Ligament Vault Suspension after Hysterectomy.
Dilara Wanrio
#2
May 23rd, 2020 10:04 am
You are awesome sir. You will occupy a unique position in the history of modern teaching in the field of Laparoscopy Surgery Thanks for posting this Task Analysis for Uterosacral Ligament Vault Suspension after Hysterectomy.
Areen D Wanrio
#3
May 23rd, 2020 10:09 am
Simple definition and step of Task Analysis for Uterosacral Ligament Vault Suspension after Hysterectomy surgery's. Really great provide point to point exact information. Thanks for posting this.
Dr. Neha kumari
#4
May 23rd, 2020 11:01 am
This Article really helps me a lot, thank you! Your explanation is so clear and very impressive well presented Task Analysis for Uterosacral Ligament Vault Suspension after Hysterectomy.
Dr. Abhilasha
#5
May 23rd, 2020 11:07 am
Thank you !!! keep up the good work you’re the real Inspiration for Laparoscopic Surgeon all over the world!!! Thanks for posting this Task Analysis for Uterosacral Ligament Vault Suspension after Hysterectomy.
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How to Perform and Implement Task Analysis of Laparoscopic and Robotic Procedures

Task analysis is a critical component of any complex surgical procedure, including laparoscopic and robotic surgeries. It involves breaking down the procedure into its constituent tasks, identifying the steps, skills, and cognitive processes required. Task analysis not only enhances the understanding of these intricate surgeries but also serves as a foundation for training, skill assessment, and continuous improvement in healthcare. In this essay, we will delve into how to conduct and implement task analysis for laparoscopic and robotic procedures.

Task Analysis of Laparoscopic Surgery

Understanding the Significance of Task Analysis

Before we explore the procedure for task analysis, it's essential to recognize why it is of paramount importance in the realm of surgery, particularly for laparoscopic and robotic procedures.

1. Enhanced Learning and Training: Task analysis helps in developing structured training programs. It breaks down complex procedures into manageable components, making it easier for trainees to learn and practice each step methodically.

2. Skill Assessment: By understanding the tasks and sub-tasks involved, it becomes possible to assess the competence of surgeons and surgical teams. This is crucial for ensuring patient safety and quality care.

3. Workflow Optimization: Task analysis can reveal inefficiencies in surgical workflows. Identifying these bottlenecks allows for process improvements, potentially reducing surgical times and enhancing outcomes.

4. Error Reduction: Recognizing potential points of error is vital for preventing surgical complications. Task analysis can highlight critical steps where errors are more likely to occur, leading to proactive measures to mitigate risks.

Procedure for Task Analysis of Laparoscopic and Robotic Procedures:

Task analysis for laparoscopic and robotic procedures involves several steps:

Step 1: Define the Surgical Procedure

Begin by clearly defining the surgical procedure you wish to analyze. Whether it's a laparoscopic cholecystectomy or a robotic prostatectomy, having a specific procedure in mind is essential.

Step 2: Gather Expert Input

Engage experts in the field, including experienced surgeons, nurses, and other surgical team members. Their input is invaluable in identifying and detailing the tasks involved.

Step 3: Identify the Tasks and Sub-Tasks

Break down the surgical procedure into tasks and sub-tasks. For instance, in a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, tasks could include trocar placement, camera insertion, gallbladder dissection, and suturing. Sub-tasks under "trocar placement" might involve choosing trocar sizes, making incisions, and inserting trocars.

Step 4: Sequence the Tasks

Establish the chronological order of tasks. Determine which tasks are dependent on others and identify any parallel processes. Sequencing tasks is essential for understanding the flow of the procedure.

Step 5: Define Task Goals and Objectives

For each task and sub-task, define the goals and objectives. What should be achieved in each step? For instance, in gallbladder dissection, the goal might be to safely detach the gallbladder from the liver while preserving nearby structures.

Step 6: Skill and Equipment Requirements

Specify the skills and equipment required for each task. Consider the level of expertise needed, such as basic laparoscopic skills or advanced robotic manipulation. Document the instruments and technology involved.

Step 7: Cognitive Processes

Identify the cognitive processes involved, such as decision-making, spatial orientation, and problem-solving. Understanding the mental aspects of surgery is critical for training and error prevention.

Step 8: Consider Variations and Complications

Acknowledge potential variations in the procedure and anticipate complications. How would the surgical team adapt if unexpected issues arise? Task analysis should encompass both the standard procedure and potential deviations.

Step 9: Develop Training and Assessment Tools

Use the task analysis results to create structured training modules. These modules should align with the identified tasks, objectives, and skill requirements. Additionally, design assessment tools to evaluate the competence of trainees and surgical teams.

Step 10: Continuous Improvement

Task analysis is not a one-time endeavor. Regularly revisit the analysis to incorporate new techniques, technology, and best practices. Continuous improvement is vital for staying at the forefront of surgical care.

Implementing Task Analysis Results:

Once task analysis is complete, it's crucial to implement the findings effectively:

1. Training Programs: Develop and deliver training programs based on the task analysis. These programs should encompass both simulation-based training and real-life surgical experience.

2. Skill Assessment: Use the assessment tools developed during task analysis to evaluate the skills of surgical teams. This can be done through structured evaluations and objective metrics.

3. Quality Improvement: Task analysis can reveal areas for process improvement. Work with the surgical team to implement changes that enhance efficiency and patient outcomes.

4. Error Prevention: Utilize the identified points of error to develop strategies for error prevention. This might involve checklists, preoperative briefings, and enhanced communication protocols.

5. Research and Innovation: Task analysis can also guide research efforts, leading to the development of new techniques and technologies that improve surgical procedures.

In conclusion, task analysis is an indispensable tool in understanding, teaching, and advancing complex surgical procedures such as laparoscopic and robotic surgeries. By meticulously dissecting each task and sub-task, identifying skill requirements, and considering cognitive processes, healthcare professionals can enhance patient safety, optimize surgical workflows, and continually improve the quality of surgical care. Task analysis is not merely an analytical exercise; it is a pathway to excellence in surgical practice.

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